Eficacia del extracto etanólico de Azadirachta en el control de Spodoptera frugiperda en estadio larvario

Efficacy of ethanolic extract of Azadirachta indica on larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.65011/prismaods.v5.i6.414

Palabras clave:

Azadirachta indica, Spodoptera frugiperda, extracto etanólico, actividad insecticida, mortalidad larvari

Resumen

El extracto etanólico de hojas de Azadirachta indica constituye una alternativa de origen vegetal con potencial para el manejo de Spodoptera frugiperda. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la actividad insecticida de diferentes concentraciones del extracto sobre larvas de esta especie. Para ello, se recolectaron larvas en campo y se preparó el extracto etanólico de neem, que posteriormente se sometió a un análisis fitoquímico preliminar y a una caracterización mediante cromatografía líquida de alta resolución con detección ultravioleta (HPLC-UV). La actividad insecticida se evaluó bajo condiciones controladas mediante tres concentraciones del extracto (25, 50 y 75 %). Los resultados evidenciaron una mayor mortalidad larvaria con la concentración del 75 %, que alcanzó el 66,67 % a las 80 horas de exposición. Por su parte, las concentraciones del 50 y 25 % registraron mortalidades del 24,7 y 11,13 %, respectivamente. Estos hallazgos sugieren que el extracto etanólico de A. indica presenta actividad insecticida frente a larvas de S. frugiperda, con una respuesta favorable a la mayor concentración evaluada. No obstante, se requieren estudios adicionales para determinar su eficacia en condiciones de campo y establecer su viabilidad como alternativa para el manejo sostenible de esta plaga.

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Biografía del autor/a

  • César Gavin Moyano, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador

    .

  • Nuvia Moran Sánchez, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador

    .

  • Fernando Bermeo Pesantes, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador

    .

  • Eduardo Jama Aveiga, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador

    .

  • Domenica Choez Chavez, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador

    .

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Publicado

2026-11-13

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Cómo citar

Gavin Moyano, C., Moran Sánchez, N., Bermeo Pesantes, F., Jama Aveiga, E., & Choez Chavez, D. (2026). Eficacia del extracto etanólico de Azadirachta en el control de Spodoptera frugiperda en estadio larvario: Efficacy of ethanolic extract of Azadirachta indica on larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda. Prisma ODS: Revista Multidisciplinaria Sobre Desarrollo Sostenible, 5(6), 84-104. https://doi.org/10.65011/prismaods.v5.i6.414